Which term denotes the ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decline with age?

• A. Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)
• B. Fluid Intelligence (Gf)
• C. Sunk-Cost Fallacy
• D. Framing

Answer: (B)

Fluid intelligence captures the ability to reason quickly and abstractly, especially when facing new or unfamiliar problems. This kind of thinking relies on processing speed, working memory, and mental flexibility, which tend to decline with age. That’s why tasks that require figuring out patterns, solving novel puzzles, or making rapid inferences often show age-related slowdowns. In contrast, crystallized intelligence—the knowledge and skills accumulated through schooling and experience—usually stays stable or even improves with age. The other terms aren’t about this kind of thinking; a sunk-cost fallacy is a bias about sticking with an option because of past investments, and framing is about how information is presented to influence decisions.