Which component of observational learning refers to keeping a memory of observed behavior for later use?

• A. Attention
• B. Retention
• C. Modeling
• D. Motivation

Answer: (B)

Retention is the memory stage of observational learning, where the learner stores a representation of what was observed so it can be used later. After noticing the model, the observer encodes the steps into memory—often as a mental image or verbal description—and keeps that information until there's an opportunity to imitate. This stored memory makes it possible to reproduce the behavior even when the model is no longer present. For example, watching someone tie a knot and later recalling and applying the same steps shows retention in action. Attention is about noticing, retention is about memory, modeling is the demonstration, and motivation provides the drive to imitate.