What term refers to deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups?

• A. Ostracism
• B. Affiliation need
• C. Set point
• D. Hunger motivation

Answer: (A)

Ostracism is the term for deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups. It describes the act of cutting someone out from social interaction, participation, or acceptance within a group, whether in person or online. This kind of exclusion often functions as a way for others to enforce norms or boundaries, but it directly threatens the fundamental human need to belong. The emotional and psychological impact can be real and lasting, including sadness, lowered self-esteem, and even distress that resembles physical discomfort in some cases.

This concept is distinct from the other terms listed. The affiliation need is about wanting to form and maintain social connections, not the act of excluding others. A set point refers to a body's weight regulation, and hunger motivation concerns the drive to eat.