Defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

• A. Reliability
• B. Normal distribution
• C. Wechsler scale
• D. Standardization

Answer: (D)

Standardization involves creating uniform testing procedures and giving scores that are meaningful by comparing performance to a pretested group. This means the test is administered the same way to everyone, scoring rules are consistent, and the resulting scores are interpreted using norms from a representative sample. Those norms let you place an individual’s score in relation to how others performed, providing a fair and comparable measure.

Reliability is about the consistency of scores across time or items, not about creating norms. Normal distribution describes the typical shape of score data but doesn’t define how the test is administered or scored. A specific instrument like the Wechsler scale is one implementation, whereas standardization is the broader process of establishing uniform procedures and norms.